Industry Blog

Reclaiming Tablets

Some manufactured tablets may be off-specification. However, even when a tablet fails final inspection, all may not be lost. Rather than discard the tablets, they can be reclaimed by milling the tablet back down to its powdered form. The product can then be re-worked for process re-introduction, significantly helping reduce waste and increase productivity.

Off-spec tablets can be safely milled for process re-introduction

Typical causes of off-specification tablets are; over-weight or under-weight, poor appearance, incorrect hardness and incorrect packaging. In fact, any condition which threatens to scrap a batch of valuable finished goods can be saved by using a conical screen mill to overcome the problem.

The hygienic and highly flexible design of the Uni-Mill is ideal for sanitary applications and a fully validated mill is the perfect way to ensure product integrity is maintained. It is possible to employ the same machine used for size reduction of pre-compression material as for the reclaim process. This provides a very cost effective solution for both the production of new material as well as re-worked material all performed on one machine.

Cone mills are a hygienic method of size reduction

A wide range of interchangeable tooling can be supplied with the Uni-Mill conical screen mill and special tooling can be used for particularly hard tablets. Tooling is also available to mill filled capsules. Hard Shell capsules can be loaded into the mill in the normal way and the capsules are then shredded and torn away from the contents. The resulting mix of broken capsules and powders can then be sieved to ensure the final powder is fully separated and can be safely re-used as required.

As production costs continue to rise, the case for reclaiming off-specification products gets increasingly stronger. Hanningfield is able to provide appropriate cost-effective solutions to make this process a viable and practical option.

 

Conveying of Tablets and Capsules

Overcoming the Problems of Tablet and Capsule Transfer

It is commonly acknowledged that extreme care must be taken when attempting to transport tablets and capsules from one process to another by whatever means used. The fragile nature or these products means damage can easily occur during the transport stage thus potentially wasting valuable finished goods.

Tablet and capsule handling systems must be carefully designed to avoid damage or breakages

Popular methods used for the transfer of these products are vacuum, gravity, and air all of which are standard practice within the pharmaceutical and associated industries. Hanningfield can offer much experience in this area but several points must be taken into consideration to achieve efficient material handling without damage to the finished product.

 

Design

Special attention has to be taken regarding design and construction materials to avoid damage to the finished product. Using specially developed design techniques it is possible to adapt standard Hanningfield process equipment to suit this highly specialised yet popular application.

For example, removable silicone liners can be supplied to fit inside vacuum transfer hoppers to avoid contact between the tablet and any metal surfaces. Specially designed air flow control valves can also be fitted to ensure when vacuum conveying of tablets, they can only move in one direction during vertical transfer cycles.

 

Methods

Vacuum Transfer is a well established process that can be adapted to efficiently convey coated and uncoated tablets very successfully. Internal surfaces must be specially designed to ensure the tablets do not come into contact with sharp edges or corners during transfer (‘step-less conveying’). Other precautions are taken to ensure tablets will only move in one direction during transfer by use of a specially design uni-directional flow valve. The Hanningfield uni-vac system offers a number of enhanced capabilities that combine to provide safe effective tablet transfer without compromising the finished product.

Gravity is the simplest and most common transfer technique for the efficient transfer of tablets and capsules. This process is however limited to a vertical or near vertical flow path only, whereas vacuum and air powered systems can transport across horizontal distances as well as vertically upwards. To control tablet transfer, Hanningfield can supply a special flexible vane butterfly valve to minimise risk of damage when opening and closing the valve.

Air (positive pressure) is used by Hanningfield for the efficient transfer of both empty and filled hard shell capsules. Capsules are less likely to suffer from damage than tablets during conveying but internal conveying pipes must be smooth bore without ledges and sharp corners as with vacuum conveying. The positive pressure system provides a high flow, low pressure air cushion that gently moves the capsules through the convey pipe-work. Static is a common problem with capsule transfer so any system design for this application must provide an anti-static design.

 

Summary

In addition to good and efficient design, experience is also necessary to ensure all aspects of product protection are taken care of. This is where Hanningfield can provide the necessary input at the system concept stage to ensure a successful project conclusion using our highly skilled team of experienced engineers to guide the customer every step of the way.

Abbott, Solvay $7.1 Billion Unit Deal Said to Be Near

Source: Bloomberg Online

Abbott Laboratories is close to an agreement to buy Solvay SA’s pharmaceutical unit for about 4.8 billion euros ($7.1 billion) to get full control of the TriCor cholesterol pill, according to three people with knowledge of the situation.

An agreement may be announced as soon as tomorrow, said the people, who declined to comment publicly because the talks are private. Nycomed A/S, of Switzerland, and Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., of Japan, also contended to buy the unit, the people said.

Buying Solvay’s drug business would be a change of course for Abbott Chief Executive Officer Miles White, who has been acquiring medical devices and eye products to reduce reliance on medicines. Abbott is battling generic competition to its anti- seizure treatment Depakote and risks losing sales of the arthritis drug Humira — the company’s biggest product with $4.5 billion in revenue last year — as consumers cut spending.

The purchase price includes 4.5 billion euros in cash, with up to 300 million euros in contingent payments between 2011 and 2013, said a person with knowledge of the situation. The milestones relate to whether products perform well, the person said. The deal also may include other costs, this person said.

TriCor Co-Promotion

Abbott, of Abbott Park, Illinois, and Brussels-based Solvay co-promote TriCor, which generated $1.34 billion in revenue last year for Abbott and 511 million euros for Solvay. The companies also work jointly on TriLipix, a cholesterol treatment introduced this year. The Brussels-based maker of pharmaceuticals, chemicals and plastics has been weighing an initial public offering or sale of its drug unit since April.

Erik De Leye, a spokesman for Solvay, and Melissa Brotz, an Abbott spokeswoman, declined to comment in telephone interviews today.

Solvay, which introduced one of the first modern antidepressants in 1983, ranks as the world’s biggest producer of soda ash, used to make glass and modify the acidity of shampoos. The company gets much of its annual revenue from the automotive and construction industries, among the hardest hit by the recession.

The drug business produced revenue of 2.7 billion euros last year, or 28 percent of Solvay’s total sales. The company focuses on two therapeutic areas — cardiometabolics, which includes its best-selling product Tricor, and neuroscience, including the Duodopa treatment for Parkinson’s disease.

Top-Selling Products

TriCor, known chemically as fenofibrate, is used to reduce triglycerides and adjust cholesterol levels. Solvay’s other top- selling products are Androgel, a testosterone gel, and Creon, a pancreatic enzyme to treat cystic fibrosis.

Solvay, founded by the Belgian family of the same name, said in April it was considering options for the drug unit amid a wave of acquisitions in the industry. The possibilities included selling it to another company, forming a partnership, keeping the operation or selling shares in an initial public offering.

Abbott rose 39 cents, or 0.8 percent, to $47.33 in New York Stock Exchange composite trading on Sept. 25. Solvay fell 1.17 euros, or 1.5 percent, to 74.73 euros in Brussels trading.

Nycomed, whose owners include Nordic Capital and a buyout unit of Credit Suisse Group AG, offered 4 billion euros to 4.5 billion euros for the Solvay unit, people familiar with the situation said on Sept. 25. Nycomed wanted to buy the business to expand in preparation for an initial public offering in 2011, a person with knowledge of the matter said on Sept. 11.

Authors: Albertina Torsoli and Jacqueline Simmons
Date: 27-09-2009
Source Location: http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=a0FL48DrJ_fM

Improving tablet production and handling with pneumatic conveying

Article from Healthcare Packaging Online
Vacuum technologies can streamline production, reduce costs, and provide sustainability benefits.
Compressed tablets are still the most popular dosage form for pharmaceuticals. More than 75% of pharmaceutical products are sold in solid dosage form. Strong growth is predicted for compressed tablets due to the explosion of the nutraceuticals market, especially in the United States.

The potential for growth in tablet manufacturing is high. However, several challenges and trends are threatening the profit potential. Today, pharmaceutical manufacturers are challenged to evolve their production processes in order to survive and excel in an increasingly competitive industry. While product quality has always been of paramount importance, strenuous economic times and continually inflating drug prices are heightening consumer demand for lower-priced prescriptions. Tablet manufacturers are more than ever seeking new ways to automate their lines to speed and streamline production.
 
By automating the conveying process, vacuum technologies can improve productivity and enhance quality. In addition, selecting a vacuum technology that is maintenance-free and energy efficient can allow tablet manufacturers to cut costs and meet challenging consumer demands for quality pharmaceuticals and lower prices.
 
Offering a safer environment
 In general, reducing manual labor through automated vacuum conveying can improve working conditions by reducing heavy lifting. In addition, American manufacturers must abide by Safety, Health and Environment (SHE) regulations enforced by the U.S. Dept. of Occupational Safety & Health Administration. In Europe, the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working conditions (Eurofounda) oversees the improvement of industrial working conditions.
 

Heat, dust, and noise are all pollutants in the working environment that detract from worker safety and the stringent sanitation demands for pharmaceutical and chemical production. Tablet manufacturers can greatly reduce manual labor and diminish exposure to environmental irritants with the installation of vacuum conveying equipment that moves dry powder products through dedicated pipe systems. These systems fully contain the powders to minimize dust and also generate less heat. To ensure the highest standard of worker safety, the conveyors should also have few moving parts, and be easily assembled and disassembled to reduce worker strain.
 

Increasing uptime

Given the 24/7 production runs in pharmaceutical manufacturing, automation technologies must be reliable. There is no time for line stoppages or ongoing maintenance. Additionally, changeovers can add costs and downtime. A vacuum conveyor must facilitate changeover or risk negating the gains realized through automation.

Simple solutions can effectively combat the erosion of productivity caused by line stoppages, maintenance, or changeover. Vacuum technologies with few moving parts are not only safer; they are maintenance-free and can reduce downtime. Conveyors that are easily handled by workers are more quickly assembled and disassembled, reducing the time it takes for equipment adjustments between batches and during cleanings. Machines containing fewer components also help minimize part mix-ups and help to prevent line stoppages.

 Other vacuum conveyor benefits include the following:

 Cost-effective, easy cleaning. In addition to aiming to reduce changeover time, tablet manufacturers must also prevent cross-contamination of the product. A vacuum conveyor that is easily disassembled for quick cleanup is a cost-efficient way of averting cross-contamination.
 

Reduced energy consumption. As energy costs soar, the reduction of energy usage is a strategic step to trim expenses from pharmaceutical manufacturing operations. In addition, reducing energy consumption is good for sustainability efforts. Conveying systems powered by decentralized vacuum technologies are more energy-efficient than their centralized counterparts. While a centralized vacuum system puts more distance between the source of the power and the point of use, a decentralized vacuum system uses multistage ejector technology to apply the vacuum where needed. This way, no additional energy is expended to compensate for the extra distance.
 

Optimized automation. Automating the tablet-handling process affords many advantages and conveniences to pharmaceutical manufacturers, including increased productivity and reduced staff injury. However, poorly designed automated conveying systems can cause segregation and tablet breakage. Simple precautions can be taken to avoid incurring the costs of product waste as a result of either event.
 

Prevent segregation. Particle separation prior to tablet compression, known as segregation, can threaten the integrity of drug dosages and jeopardize the uniformity of a batch. Segregation can occur during tablet production as a result of gravity and particle characteristics, and due to external factors such as airflow and vibration. When implementing vacuum conveying, segregation risk can be reduced by handling the material at a controlled speed to ensure that the materials stay blended.
 

Prevent tablet breakage. Tablets can also break due to exposure to friction and shock during or after the manufacturing process. A broken tablet is susceptible to contamination, rendering it useless. As a result, product waste can accumulate and cause production delays. To prevent breakage, tablet manufacturers can employ an accommodating vacuum conveying system. To start, the conveying system should have an adaptable feed rate to enable the system to be sped up or slowed depending on the size or volume of the tablets being handled. Also, the vacuum conveyor’s tubing and piping specifications along with couplings can be designed to reduce speed and avoid product damage. The tubing and piping should have soft curves to avoid tablet breakage.
 

In conclusion, vacuum automation technologies can play a key roll in streamlining tablet production. By taking the right precautions in installing a reliable, efficient vacuum conveying system, manufacturers can increase their productivity, reduce energy usage, and improve their work environments. As companies harness vacuum technology to advance tablet production, more efficient conveying systems will translate into cost savings, helping tablet manufacturers stay competitive by enabling them to produce more affordable prescriptions.
 
Author: Häla El Sheemy
Source: http://www.healthcare-packaging.com/archives/2009/04/improving_tablet_production_an.php
Date: 24/04/2009

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